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  • When is the Best Time to Trek Gorillas?

    When is the Best Time to Trek Gorillas?

    One of the most important aspects of planning a gorilla safari is first analyzing and understanding the best time to trek gorillas, so as to have the best of your experience as well as get value for money. Whether you are planning to go on a safari to Bwindi Impenetrable National Park or the Virunga Region, the best time to see the mountain gorillas is usually the dry months. This however doesn’t mean that you won’t enjoy your gorilla safari during certain seasons and you will be surprised that each season offers merits and demerits. It is also worth noting that the best time to trek the gorillas most times depend on tourist’s personal preferences because as others are choosing the dry season for this adventure for the less muddy/slippery trails, others don’t mind the slippery hiking trails while choosing the wet season because it is when fruiting and flowering are at the peak thus more opportunities of spotting numerous bird species in addition to gorilla treks being considerably shorter.

    Therefore, the best time to go gorilla trekking in Rwanda is between June and September as well as December to February. The mentioned months are traditional dry months that make gorilla treks a lot more easy and parks more accessible due to little or no rainfalls. Nonetheless, downpours should always be expected even during traditional dry months because these rain forests sheltering mountain gorillas experience Equatorial Climate. For instance, temperatures generally don’t vary throughout the year, hence temperatures range between 24 to 30˚C but rainfall levels usually vary with traditional rainfall season being in March to May as well as September to November.

    The Dry/drier season

    The dry season is also the peak season, between June and September as well as December to February when trekking conditions are possibly going to be dry. These mentioned months are usually clearer and sunny thus making gorilla trekking adventures more exciting and memorable. Because the rains are low, vegetation also tends to dry, thus contributing to less challenging hikes through the mountainous slopes that will at this time of the year be less muddy and slippery.

    When it comes to gorilla trekking permits for the dry months, they are on higher demand and obviously normally sell-out faster compared to the wet months. For this, tourists planning to undertake gorilla treks during the peak season have to book at least 6 months to one year in advance. Not only that, places of lodging within the Park become scarce because of the high demand of gorilla safaris and even the low-capacity places of lodging also become full earlier than you can ever think of.

    Everyone will tell you that these are dry months but did you know that even as such, rainfalls are experienced all year round, owing to the country’s tropical climate. Therefore when it comes to packing, make sure to always carry items that offer protection against the expected rains. Therefore, long sleeved shirts and long safari pants are essential to protect arms and legs against long unpleasant vegetation, strong hiking boots to comfortably maneuver through muddy and slippery trails, lightweight and comfortable rain jacket, waterproof backpack for carrying the things you will be needed during the gorilla treks, to mention but a few.

    Additionally, did you know that the dry season also has a number of challenges? It is worth mentioning that vegetation becomes drier and thus food for the mountain gorillas also become scarcer, requiring them to move deeper into the forest to search for food. Therefore, travellers booking for gorilla treks during the dry season should expect to walk longer hours to find these Giant Apes but don’t lose hope because you will eventually find them in the long run.

    The rainy/wet season

    The wet season is what is literally referred as the low season and extends from March to May as well as October to November. Conditions during these months are said to be unfavorable for gorilla trekking because the wetness make walking more difficult and literally unbearable  making most visitors to avoid them. However, it is slowly becoming hard to accurately predict climate patterns because just when you think it is a rainy or dry season, you get surprised when the opposite happens thus it is just considered luck sometimes.

    All in all, Rainfall levels are usually considered heavier at some periods and not throughout the day, hence it is still possible to experience hot sunshine after it has rained and the sky cleared. Most travellers consider these months uncomfortable for gorilla trekking and therefore try as much as possible to avoid them and because of this, places of lodging tend to lower their rates during this time and gorilla trekking permits become more abundant as well as less stressful to obtain but have to still be booked some months in advance. If you consider enjoying some discounts on accommodation, then this is the best time to travel and undertake your gorilla safari.

    However, it is not all that bad with the rainy season because gorilla treks have never been cancelled because of downpours and most times they go on after it has rained and sky cleared. Have you ever imagined that this season offers the best photography? After the rains, the sky is cleared of any dust thus more beautiful and also the heavy rains bring about luxuriant/greener vegetation that create perfect backdrop for photography. When it comes to gorilla treks, they tend to be shorter during the wet/rainy season. Rains obviously come along with growth of vegetation and increased fruiting thus the mountain gorillas have abundant food and this won’t require moving deeper into the rain forest to look for food, thus tourists will also go through shorter treks to find them. There are more mosquitoes during the rainy season but regardless of when you choose to trek the mountain gorillas, insect repellent is definitely a must-have because mosquitoes are not the only insects to expect in the jungles.

    For mountain gorilla trekking tours, it is worth mentioning that they are only undertaken in three countries-Uganda, Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo and not any other place in the World. The gorilla habitats have dense rain forests, on high mountains ranging from 2500 to 4000 meters above sea level.

  • Rwanda’s Transformation After Genocide

    It is now 29 years of Kwibuka, remembering the 1994 Rwanda Genocide, a past bad incident that froze the hearts of East African nations.

    Taking a short flashback to Rwanda’s history compared to the country’s present state, it’s amazing how the once horrified Rwanda has transformed into the most peaceful, beautiful and attractive country on the world travel map. Right from Kigali international airport, travelers to Rwanda are welcomed by the courteous, calmness, cleanness and happy Rwanda which state has left most travelers surprised of how Rwanda is a hidden treasure.  For people who have never been to Rwanda, the country offers it all, the sorrowful genocide is now history and hard to believe that it once happened.

    Though most first time travelers to Rwanda are out weighed by sad memories of the massacre, its surprising to find a different story of joy and happiness contrary to what they expected, After 100 days of innocent bloodshed claiming roughly 100,000 people, the government of Rwanda and local people sworn a “never again”. Rwandans have picked up pieces of genocide ashes from which a strong nation has been established.  It’s amazing how gruesome the genocide that once unfolded across the steep lush hills of Rwanda is history.

    Zeroing down to the travel industry, Rwanda is the best country to visit and stay. There are neither miserable people on the streets nor sorrowful genocide stories but only quietness, cleanness and harmony. On reaching the airport, all the fears and negative perception about Rwanda disappears into extreme joy, happiness and excitement assuring you of a great stay in the country.  The government of Rwanda under the leadership of Paul Kagame sworn a never again and picked up the pieces of genocide ashes from which a strong nation has come out.

  • Comparing Gorilla Trekking in Uganda Vs Rwanda

    Comparing Gorilla Trekking in Uganda Vs Rwanda

    Gorilla trekking is a unique experience that creates memories that will not be forgotten easily. Uganda and Rwanda are the leading countries for a life changing gorilla trekking safari. Gorilla trekking is conducted from Volcanoes National Park for Rwanda and Bwindi National Park and Mgahinga National park for Uganda. There are about 1060 mountain gorillas remaining in the world and 400 of them are in Bwindi National Park while the rest (about 480) live in the Virunga Complex (Uganda’s Mgahinga National Park, DRC’s Virunga National Park and Rwanda’s Volcanoes National Park).

    All these destinations are beautiful and good for gorilla trekking safaris, unrivalled wildlife experiences in Africa. However, tourists who have never visited any of the two countries or have visited only one of the two countries are often left contemplating on which of the two countries provides a more memorable gorilla trekking safari? There is no specific answer to that question, reason being that the answer varies from one person to another and every country offers unique gorilla trekking experience that differs from the other. But we shall not leave the question hanging; there are some differences that exist between gorilla trekking in Uganda and Rwanda. These are based on the cost of gorilla permits, ease of access to the National Parks, difference in tracking conditions or the difficulty of hiking, cost of lodging facilities, Other activates tourists can engage in on top of gorilla trekking and the number of habituated gorilla groups tourists can visit. This write up will provide you with the differences of gorilla trekking in Uganda and Rwanda but the end of the day the choice of which country to choose from lies in your hand.

    The comparison of gorilla trekking in Rwanda and Uganda has been based on;

    Number of gorilla groups that that be tracked.

    There are 12 habituated gorilla groups that can be tracked from Uganda where 11 of them can be tracked from Bwindi National Park and only one (the Nyakagyezi group) can be tracked from Mgahinga National Park. Volcanoes National Park on the other hand is a home to only 10 habituated gorilla groups that can be visited for your remarkable gorilla trekking Safaris.

    Cost of gorilla permits

    In terms of cost of gorilla permits, Uganda is the winner because a gorilla permit costs $600 for foreign non-residents, $500 for foreign residents and Shs 250,000 for the East African Residents. The best news about this, is that Uganda also offers discounts on gorilla permits during the low seasons (April, May and November) where foreign residents pay $450, foreign residents pay $400 per person and East African Citizens pay Shs 150,000 per person. Rwanda on the other hand charges an exorbitant price of $1500 per person for all tourists (foreign residents, foreign non residents and Rwandan Citizens alike) at all seasons. This price only caters for the luxury tourists neglecting the budget tourists. Even the Rwandans are left out hence discouraging domestic tourism. This $1500 for a Rwandan permit can do a lot of things in Uganda. First of all instead of paying $1500 to watch mountain gorillas for one hour, why not pay the same amount to stay with the gorillas for whole four hours? Alternatively, that $1500 for gorilla permit in Rwanda can book an entire 3 day gorilla trekking safari in Uganda in  low season-by the way even in the high season. If I was asked where I would go for my gorilla trekking safari based on this comparison, my answer would definitely be Uganda.

    Tracking conditions/difficulty in hiking.

    Tracking the mountain gorillas is generally difficult across all the National parks, but some people will tell you that the experience of gorilla trekking in Rwanda is a bit easier than trekking in Bwindi Forest National park. This is a total myth. Gorilla tracking is about luck, where you may expect it to be easier for you during tracking but it turns out to be the opposite. Just track the gorillas expecting a tough hike than expecting an easier one then you end up disappointed.

    Ease of Access

    Volcanoes National Park is located just 2-3 hours away from Kigali Airport/City. If you are in a hurry and would like to track these mountain gorillas and go back home immediately, then I recommend you do it from Rwanda. A 1 day gorilla trekking safari in Uganda is totally impossible. You will need minimum of 3 days for gorilla trekking in Uganda, hence someone in a hurry cannot be able to track gorillas from this country. If the cost of gorilla permit is not a problem, then I greatly recommend Rwanda for your next gorilla trekking Safari. Why would you spend an entire day travelling to a Park yet you can drive from the Airport to a Park for only two hours, track and even go back home. Not only that, there are better road conditions from Kigali to Volcanoes National Park than it is from Kampala to Bwindi national park. The winner here is Rwanda.

    Local Communities around the National Park

    It is a common phenomenon for local communities to surround protected areas. So Volcanoes, Mgahinga and Bwindi national park are not exceptional. The interesting difference is that with Bwindi and Mgahinga there are more fascinating communities with interesting activities, for example who wouldn’t want to participate in the Batwa trail? When you visit Bwindi or Mgahinga National Parks, you will get the opportunity to visit the Batwa and they will take you through their lives in the forest, you will visit Ngarama Cave where their former King used to live and experience as they make fire from sticks among other interesting activities.

    Besides gorilla tracking, several tourist activities exist at the disposal of tourists in Uganda than they are for tourists in Rwanda.

    In conclusion, the choice of what country for gorilla trekking depends on the desires of the individual tourists but certain perimeters like cost of gorilla permit, ease of access to the National Parks, and the tracking conditions are considered by tourists in their desire to choose where to track gorillas from.

  • Top 10 Reasons to invest in Rwanda

    1. Zero tolerance for corruption
    2. A vibrant and growing economy
    3. A political stable environment
    4. A good mixture of business and leisure
    5. An open and competitive market
    6. A good and growing Information Technology
    7. Kigali Free Trade Zone
    8. Good investments opportunities
    9. A beautiful culture
    10. Part of the East African Community (E.A.C.)

    Zero tolerance for corruption

    Based on the THE EAST AFRICAN BRIBERY INDEX, Rwanda is the least corrupt country in the East African Region.

    The East African Common Market Protocol came into effect on 1st July, 2010 amid high enthusiasm and expectation among the citizens of the East African Community’s member states. The protocol is expected to boost trade across the five East African countries of Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda and Burundi by promoting the free movement of goods, services and capital. The East African Community has recorded notable strides in promoting trade among the member states. Intra-trade volumes rose by 87% in Uganda, 91% in Kenya and 65% in Tanzania between 2004 and 2008, heralding a bright future for the citizens of the bloc.

    Individually, the member countries have formulated ambitious economic and social development blueprints. In Kenya the Vision 2030 seeks to convert the country into a middle income country within the next two decades. Rwanda’s Vision 2020, Vision 2025 for Tanzania and Uganda’s Poverty Eradication Plan seek to achieve similar goals. The countries have already made initial steps towards these goals especially in infrastructural development.
    Central in these ambitious development plans is the promotion of good governance; a lack of which is likely to hold back the attainment of the plans. Resources earmarked for requisite extensive infrastructural development may end up in private hands through corruption. The much needed foreign investments may not be forthcoming or sustained unless good governance is actualised. It is noteworthy that Tanzania, Kenya, Rwanda and Uganda are at different stages of joining the league of oil producing countries. This calls for a transparent governance environment if the region is to avoid resource curse previously faced by other African countries.

    The East African Bribery Index is a governance tool developed to measure bribery levels in the private and public sectors in the region. The index registers the firsthand experiences of the residents of the region with regard to service delivery and corruption. It seeks to establish the extent of bribery by seeking information on where the respondents were asked to pay bribes, if they acceded to bribery demands and the amount of bribe paid. Although the index is a tool to measure petty bribery, it is a general indicator for other forms of corruption in a particular country.

    The index clearly shows that apart from Rwanda where incidents of bribery were found to be negligible, corruption is still an impediment to public service delivery in the region. Key governance and enforcement institutions such as the judiciary, the police and local authorities featured prominently in the index. Service institutions in the water, electricity, education and health sectors also dominated the top ranks of bribery-prone institutions in the region, compromising accessibility to and the quality of services offered.
    It is imperative that institutions in the region scrutinise their service delivery mechanisms with a view to root out channels through which majority of the citizens are locked out of basic services thus promoting inequality and poverty. Transparency International-Kenya hopes that a deeper comparative study will be conducted in Rwanda to establish practices that have led to a negligible level of corruption.

    The region will only firmly entrench itself on the path to economic and social development after inefficiencies necessitated by corruption are effectively confronted. Whether the 126 million residents of the bloc will fully enjoy the benefits of economic integration depends on how their governments respond to corruption and other governance challenges.

    The Rwandan government has undertaken several legal and policy measures aimed at tackling corruption within the public and private sectors. Rwanda has also ratified the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AUCPCC)

    Rwanda established an Ombudsman’s office in 2004 that monitors transparency and compliance to regulation in all governmental sectors. The Ombudsman has been instrumental in enforcing the government’s declaration on zero tolerance against corruption. It regularly exposes cases of fraud, malpractice and corruption at the top, middle and bottom levels of the public sector. This is evident through the stern action taken against a number of senior government officials implicated in corruption. In 2009, the Finance Director at the Presidency was suspended from office and sentenced to four years in prison following corruption allegations. He was further fined more than one billion Rwandan Francs (USD 1.72 million). A former top civil servant in the infrastructure ministry was given a similar fine and a total of seven years in jail for involvement in corruption-related offences in government contracts. Elected officials have not been spared either, with over 20 of the 30 District Mayors in Rwanda removed from office for alleged mismanagement. The Ombudsman’s office is also responsible for reviewing the revenue declarations submitted by top government officials including the president.

    THE EAST AFRICAN BRIBERY INDEX No. COUNTRY CORRUPTION PREVALENCE

    1. Burundi 36.7%

    2. Uganda 33.0%

    3. Kenya 31.9%

    4. Tanzania 28.6%

    5. Rwanda 6.6%

    Table 1: Country ranking of corruption prevalence

    Good and growing Information Technology

    ICT is central to Rwanda’s Vision for 2020, and ICT in education is one of the core pillars of the country’s National Information and Communications Infrastructure Policy and Plan, adopted in 2000. Tremendous progress has been made since then and the
    country continues to receive plaudits and support from its development partners.

    The pace of development of a national ICT infrastructure is remarkable as is the progress within the education system on disseminating computers and providing connectivity and teacher training. Moreover, there is a nationwide effort to provide universal access to both infrastructure and the Internet in order to facilitate ICT4D in the broadest sense. The National University of Rwanda (NUR) and the Kigali Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) are particularly noteworthy in terms of ICT in education – NUR because of its academic excellence in ICT and KIST because of its ICT training mandate and its partnership with the African Virtual University (AVU).

    The Government of Rwanda has set a national goal that the country will achieve middle income status by 2020 based on an information-rich,  knowledge-based society and economy, achieved by modernizing its key sectors using ICT. This vision, developed through a national consultative process that began in 1998, is the driving force for policy development across government ministries, public institutions, and with the country’s
    development partners.

    The partners working with the Government of Rwanda in the development of its national ICT policies include the Economic Commission for Africa, USAID, UNDP, and the Carnegie Foundation.

    The development of Rwanda’s national ICT policies is leaded by the following organizations:

    • The National Information Technology Commission (NITC), chaired by the president and its mission is to lead the process of creating the Rwandan information society and economy in line with the aspirations of the 2020 Vision. It is also responsible forpolicy and program monitoring and evaluation;
    • The Rwanda Information Technology Authority (RITA), an autonomous agency under the direct supervision of NITC. It is the main body in charge of actually implementing the ICT policies and all of the associated projects and programs – including human development. It also acts as the secretariat for NITC and has administrative links and working relations with the Office of the President, the Prime Minister’s Office, and the Ministry of Public Works, Transport and Communications (the sponsoring ministry). RITA’s primary role is to enhance public awareness about ICT and, through its National Computing Centre, provide consulting services to the government and to public;
    • The Rwanda Development Gateway Group is another facet of the national facilitating structure. This is a group of three “ICT for development” initiatives under the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology and Scientific Research (MINEDUC) being funded by the government, which include the following:


    • The Rwanda Development Gateway (RDG), hosted by the National University, which is establishing a national portal to provide one-stop shopping for information on Rwanda and to be the country’s Web interface to the rest of the world
    • The Centre for Geographic Information Systems and Remote Sensing, also hosted by the National University
    • The Regional ICT Training and Research Center (RITC),13 hosted by KIST, which provides ICT training for government staff, teachers, school leavers, and staff in institutions of higher learning

    ICT in Education
    ICT in education policy, along with detailed implementation strategies, are defined in each of the NICI plans for action by the Ministry of Education – supported and monitored by the national facilitating agencies described above.

    The sub-plan for education in NICI-2010 sets out a number of policy action items and associated planned actions that include time frames, budget estimates, and expected benefits. The planned actions, with leadership assigned to the Ministry of Education (sometimes in collaboration with other agencies), are listed below. Some of these are new, while others relate to planned actions in NICI-2005 that have been updated and
    revised. Others have been rolled forward from the NICI-2005 plan into the NICI-2010 plan because implementation is continuing. These policy actions are:

    • Train primary and secondary teachers on ICT in education
    • Establish a national library network
    • Develop new e-learning content
    • Implement an educational management system (EMIS)
    • Survey educational software appropriate for Rwanda and translate to Kinyarwanda
    • Convert existing computer-based training and e-learning content to Kinyarwanda
    • Develop programs to promote the acquisition of computer equipment by educational institutions
    • Develop a comprehensive policy on computer education in schools
    • Develop a national School Net to provide access to the Internet for schools, facilitate sharing of learning resources, facilitate electronic distance education within the school system, and link Rwandan schools with schools internationally
    • Develop a national computer curriculum for primary and secondary schools and coordinate its implementation
    • Train a critical mass of computer literate teachers
    • Develop a national program to speed up the deployment and use of ICTs in higher education institutions (A specific component is the establishment of a Rwandan Academic Research Network that links all institutions and provides a gateway to the Internet.)
    • Develop a national electronic distance education and training program that supplements and complements campus-based education at all levels, facilitates lifelong learning, and encourages in-service training in both the public and private sectors
    • Develop special ICT-in-education initiatives for academic exchanges and twinning, implementation of the SMART schools concept, and  penetration of ICT into rural schools
    • Establish a regional information technology training and research institute to serve Rwanda and the sub-region.
    • Developing an understanding within the system of the value of technology and the need for investment
    • Developing procurement and installation strategies
    • Implementing an EMIS
    • Developing and managing content and integrating it into the curriculum The Kigali Institute of Education (KIE),14 started in 1999, with funding from the government and numerous donors such as the World Bank, the Swiss Co-operation, DFID, USAID, and UNESCO, has become an important teacher-training institution. KIE’s mission is to train secondary school teachers and faculty in teacher-training colleges and technical schools.

    ICT infrastructure in Rwanda
    Creating access to ICT infrastructure is at the heart of Vision 2020, and the government is being widely recognized and applauded for the achievements since the promulgation of its ICT policy and plans.

    Rwanda’s move towards an ICT and knowledge driven economy is a decision rooted in the practical realities and challenges within Rwanda, but equally it has taken into account recent trends so that Rwanda can position herself to compete in the global economy.

    Just as it is clear that growth in the 19th and 20th centuries was driven by networks of railways and highways, growth and development in the 21st century is being defined and driven by digital highways and ICT-led value-added services.

    Africa missed both the agricultural and industrial revolutions and in Rwanda is determined to take full advantage of the digital revolution. This revolution is summed up by the fact that it is no longer of utmost importance where you are but rather what you can do – this is of great benefit to traditionally marginalized regions and geographically isolated populations.

    Overview of the ICT infrastructure
    • Attracted $500M in investment over the last three years by both private and public sector
    • The government has invested in building the ICT infrastructure through:
    – a 2,500km optic fiber that covers Kigali city and the entire country, with a total of 7 regional links to the neighboring countries
    – Kigali City Wireless Broadband
    – ICT park set up for investors in pilot phase
    • ICT in Rwanda currently encompasses, in varying degrees:
    – Wireline telephones
    – VoIP
    – Dial-up internet, ISDN based internet, broadband internet
    – Computer software use and development,
    – Computer hardware, assembly, and repair

    Major players in telecom
    • MTN Rwanda and Rwandatel are the dominant players, offering fixed telephones, mobile telephones, and internet services. TiGO, the 3rd operator, is set to begin operation by end of 2009
    • Between the two companies, there are approximately 2M mobile subscribers, representing 20% penetration
    • A sizeable private sector is growing around the networking and software development sectors, with Rwandan companies exporting services to Burundi and Eastern DRC
    • Rwanda is participating in a $24M World Bank project to connect its national backbone to submarine cable. There are three optic Service Providers Seacom, Teams and Eassy, at the East Coast to link various African countries to the global network.

    Current Rwanda ICT Projects

    The eRwanda project aims at using ICT to simplify Government procedures, bringing transparency, accountability, allowing greater public access to information and making credible timely information available to all citizens, as well as providing all services in an efficient and cost-effective manner on an online basis.

    The Karisimbi project has been set up with a plan to provide high quality in communication navigation surveillance, telecommunications, and FM radio and television coverage in the country. Mt. Karisimbi is a strategic point with a great potential to play a significant role in enhancing broadcasting capabilities. The Karisimbi project has two main projects, broadcasting and Communication Navigation Surveillance/ Air Traffic Controller project.

    The ICT Employment Fund: Rwanda needs to have a very competent, highly skilled workforce, including in ICT. While a number of Rwandan institutions train Rwandans in ICT, graduates typically lack the work experience required by employers. Addressing this need, and enhancing young graduates’ employability and work skills, RITA and HIDA have collaborated to develop an ICT Employment Fund (ICTEF).

    The National Computing Center (NCC), one of the technical directorates at the Rwanda Information Technology Authority (RITA), was established to assist the Rwandan government operate more efficiently by offering technical support and consultancy services for the successful implementation of the National Information and Communication Infrastructure Plan.

    Gasabo 3D is an innovative web based engineering services company. It provides companies around the globe the most cost-effective and efficient way to convert critical two-dimensional (2D) CAD drawings or blueprints into accurate three-dimensional (3D) CAD models.

    ICT actors in Rwanda
    – Ministry in the President’s Office in Charge of Science and Technology
    – Rwanda Information and Technology Authority (RITA)
    – Rwanda Investment and Export Promotion Agency (RIEPA)
    – Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA)
    – Kigali Institute of Science and Technology (KIST)

    Sources:
    – www.infodev.org
    – www.rwandagateway.org
    – www.rita.gov.rw
    – www.rwandainvest.com
    – www.rura.gov.rw

    Kigali Free Trade Zone

    The Government of Rwanda has conceived of Kigali FTZ bounded area mainly as a trade, logistics and service hub to serve the northern Great Lakes region, consisting of western portions of Uganda and Tanzania, the Eastern half of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Rwanda itself, and Burundi. An area with a population estimated at between 50 and 60 million. These are existing markets that rely already on Rwanda for most of their imports.
    Two of the three principal land routes from the East African coast into the northern Great Lakes region converge in Kigali (capital of Rwanda), and then goods are dispatched to Eastern part of Congo, and Burundi. It is estimated that 60% of inbound goods going to Congo eastern parts, go through Rwanda.

    Although the domestic Rwanda market and adjacent areas of Burundi, Tanzania and Uganda are part of the area that a Kigali Free Zone would serve, at least half of the potential market is in eastern DRC (Democratic Republic of Congo). Close to half of DRC’s total population, or 25 million to 30 million people, live in this part of the country, which has been isolated politically from Kinshasa (Congo capital city) and Western Congo, and which has no surface transport links to the rest of the country apart from very poor roads linking the border areas to Kisangani (Congo’s 2nd biggest city). This area is almost entirely dependent on transport from East Africa through Rwanda to satisfy its import needs.

    At the same time, the main roads in Rwanda are of good quality, especially the main road from Kigali to the border crossing at Gisenyi (city at border with Congo). The inadequacies of regional transport networks affect all countries equally. It can be argued that Rwanda’s roads are the most efficient part of the entire region, and that choosing Kigali as the main distribution point for the region would involve far fewer delays and lower costs than if other possible locations in Uganda, Tanzania or Kenya were selected.

    The current lack of a central warehousing and re-export facility for the region makes it exceptionally difficult for traders to obtain essential stock in trade. Typically, several small traders will join together to fill a twenty-foot container in Mombasa or Dar es Salaam and will share the cost of transport. Sometimes they will even go further, to Dubai.
    But this is difficult, costly and risky for small traders. Since the market spans a wide area in five countries, it is difficult for local traders in each sub-market to generate the volumes of trade that would justify importing in larger quantities and launching a fully-fledged wholesale trade.
    Given the fragmentation of the market into many discreet sub-markets, warehousing goods closer to the source, near Mombasa, Dar es Salaam or Nairobi, makes little sense, since traders in each sub-market would struggle to fill a container on their own or even in cooperation.

    The main objective of the proposed Kigali FTZ is to create a central distribution point that can serve the smaller local markets in the region. This will facilitate the development of larger wholesaler traders, which in turn should lower the cost of importing and should lead to an expansion in trade. Kigali by of its central location, could be an ideal location for such a facility.

    What are the advantages of the Kigali FTZ?
    The Kigali FTZ is a free trade zone which is open to distribution and manufacturing company, wanting to take advantage of Rwandan position as a launching pad in to the regional market…

    The direct market for the FTZ is the neighbouring countries, total market of around 60 million peoples with a market estimated to 6 billion $ import a year. On top of this direct market there is also the COMESA and East Africa community market which are also open to company based in Rwanda; the COMESA market opens a market of 20 countries, with a population of more than 380 million and a combined GDP of 200 billion, while the EAC market opens a market of 120 million and a combined GDP of 39 billion.
    Under the COMESA and EAC free trade zone product originating from Rwanda can be exported quota and tax free to all member countries, this is a considerable market.

    Rwanda language advantage: Rwanda is the only country in the region with a population that speaks both English and French on the same level, this is also a big advantage in trade.

    Why Kigali?
    One of the main advantages of Kigali FTZ is its central location in the region, Kigali is at two hours of Tanzania, two hours of Uganda, Three hours of RD Congo, and three hours of Burundi. Two of the three principal land routes from the East African coast into the Great Lakes region – the Corridor from Mombassa through Uganda and the Corridor from Dar as Salaam through Tanzania and Rwanda – all converge in Kigali.

    Rwanda is also a stable peaceful country, it is well ranked by international organisation such as UN and the World bank, Rwanda is a safe country, the political situation is stable and democratic, and the business environment is predictable with minimal corruption and an efficient administration.

    Another reason is that Kigali is already an established goods distribution center towards Burundi and Eastern Congo, both markets with a population of more than 32 million, this is a market that has been traditionally served by Rwanda exports.

    The road network in Rwanda is the most efficient in the northern great lakes region, all the borders post with neighbouring countries are connected to Kigali by paved roads, in less than 3 hours by road you can reach any of the 4 countries from Kigali FTZ.

    Thus from all this points it is obvious that choosing Kigali as the main distribution point for the region would involve far fewer delays and lower costs than any other country in the region. Rwanda has one of the most advanced telecomunication network in the region with fiber optic network available nationwide, and with the only GSM CDMA mobile network in the region. Rwanda has also a rich pool of talented personnel, either be skilled or unskilled. Rwanda national economy is one of the fastest growing in Africa, with an average of 6% for the last 12 years. in the 2002 report on Africa by the world Bank, Rwanda was called one of “African 5 lions”, meaning one of the 5 African economies that have been growing at a speed of at least 6% per annum from 2000.

    Kigali FTZ bounded area market facts and figures
    Major economic figures related to the Kigali FTZ:

    • Total population in the area (5 countries): 130 million;
    • Total annual imports: 4 to 6 billion US$;
    • Total population to serve: 50 to 60 million peoples;
    • Total import in to the direct catchment area per year: 1.6 to 2.4 billion USD;
    • Manufactured goods accounts for 75% of the trade in the region;
    • Share of products imported in the region trading statistics: 85% comes from outside the region;
    • Total export of Dubai to Africa 1.3 billion in 2004;
    • In the trade statistics UAE occupies 24% of export to the KFTZ area, which could be a target for Chinese products as UAE does re-export of mostly Chinese and other countries products.

    Kigali FTZ Market assessment
    Kigali has the potential to become the main transshipment point for goods in a region with an estimated market of 50 to 60 million, this is the direct target market that Kigali FTZ will serve, with a potential annual expenditure of about 2.4 billion US$.
    The direct catchments area of the FTZ imports 85% of its traded goods, thus the potential for the Kigali FTZ but also for Export processing business.

    Based on the Unilever corporation estimates, some 16% of the region’s GDP, or about $1.3 billion, would be concentrated among the two per cent of the population with per capita GDP of $2000 or more, and a further 11%, or $880 million, would be concentrated among the next four per cent of the population, which has per capita GDP of between $650 and $2000.
    The top two per cent of the population constitutes the portion of the population with sufficient purchasing power to buy appliances, TV sets, cars, and other high-priced items, while the next four per cent has enough purchasing power to acquire some of these items as well as to buy larger quantities and a wider range of clothing, footwear, cooking utensils and FMCG (fast moving consumable goods).

    Of course, not all goods are immediately sold to final consumers. A high percentage of intermediate goods such as iron and steel, paints and cement go to companies that use these items in production, as does most capital equipment including machinery, electrical equipment, office machines, trucks, buses and even passenger cars.

    Market Size and Composition:
    Petroleum products, manufactured goods and food account for the bulk of the region’s imports.
    The table below shows the breakdown of total imports and major product categories for the five countries in the region. The population of the five countries is about 130 million, and together their annual imports are between $4 billion and $6 billion. With about 40 per cent of the combined population of these five countries, total annual imports in the Kigali catchment area should amount to between $1.6 billion and $2.4 billion.

    Total Market $2,775,000,000

    Fiscal Incentives offered to Kigali FTZ based Companies:
    The Rwandan government encourages foreign investors to invest in Rwanda and in this regard has elaborated a set of extra fiscal incentives for company based in the EPZ these include but are not limited to:

    • Tax exemption on all imported goods;
    • Pay company income tax of 0%;
    • Importation of plant, machinery, equipment, building materials and inputs free of duty and Value Added Tax;
    • Exemption from all other taxes normally levied on a business enterprises operating in the country;
    • Tax free externalisation of funds;
    • Flexible work permits allowance to enable the investor to hire quality expatriate staff;
    • Exemption from withholding tax and taxes on dividends;
    • The right to purchase locally produced goods and services free of duty and Value Added Tax as inputs in the production process.

    It is worth mentioning that in terms of foreign currency exchange regime, Rwanda does not exercise any restriction to foreign investors, the Rwandan currency is fully convertible, and there is no restriction of any kind in outbound remittance.

    The Kigali FTZ is a mixed use free zone containing the following designations:

    • Industrial Uses: Logistics, warehousing, distribution centers, light and medium manufacturing, processing, re-labeling, and assembly facilities;
    • Petroleum: Storage tanks, head office functions, utilities and maintenance necessary for petroleum. Petroleum processing is not permitted
    • Commercial: Call centers, showrooms, offices, banking facilities, conference and training centers;
    • Administration and Institutional: Customs, administrations, operational and maintenance facilities, religious facilities, day care facilities, parking structures, institutional operations (fire and police stations);
    • Utilities: Power stations, water treatment and storage facilities, reservoirs, telecommunication switching and distribution centers, and sewage units;
    • Open Spaces: Recreational and landscaping purposes

    Targeted Industrial Sectors

    • Agro processing
    • ICT/ Shared Services
    • Cold Storage/ Horticulture
    • Textiles/ Apparel
    • Petroleum Storage
    • Dry Goods Warehousing
    • High Value Trading
    • Craft

    The chairman of the taskforce overseeing the creation of the Kigali Free Trade Zone (KFTZ) in Rwanda has said the Kigali Free Trade Zone will be launched in April 2011. Speaking to Business Times on March 1, 2011, Alex Ruzibukira, head of the Kigali Free Trade Zone initiative at the state-run Rwanda Development Board, said around 90 per cent of the work on the 250-hectare project has been completed. With the necessary infrastructure now in place, investors will be able to commence construction of factories and warehouses.

    Sources:
    – Rwanda Development Board
    – Business Times

    Good investment opportunities

    Rwanda’s strategic location offers the opportunity of a commercial hub to the East and Central African regions. Its economy is still virgin both in terms of industrialization, foreign investor participation and commercial engagement. Thus immense opportunities still exist across all sectors and are complemented by an attractive investment climate with low inflation, zero tolerance on corruption and remarkable peace and security.

    The international community including the World Bank has rated Rwanda as one of Africa’s top performers in terms of good governance. Rwanda has gained international repute as one that is serious and committed to economic growth and development.

    Economy
    Rwanda represents a stable and predictable business environment with robust economic growth and low inflation, a stable currency and a strong commitment to private sector development as well as impeccable peace and security. Rwanda is thus your ideal place for investment.

    Overtime, Rwanda has witnessed an enormous and sustained GDP growth rate and investor confidence. The GDP growth rate (2008) was 11% The upward growth of investments in Rwanda is not accidental but rather reflective of the Government’s own commitment to driving the economy through increased investments and exports. Indeed, Rwanda’s development strategic roadmap, “The Vision 2020”, targets a GDP per capita growth from $250 to $900 by 2020. UNDP has assessed these targets as achievable given the Government’s commitment and progress thus far.

    The government or Rwanda maintains an investor-friendly attitude by welcoming and facilitating investments, both before and after their establishment. This awareness is reflected in several ways in the investment regime. Imagine registering a business in just 3 Hours!

    These efforts have paid off. Rwanda has witnessed an upswing of investments in the past six years. It has made significant gains through actual delivery on investments, having registered 296 projects by December 2006 worth a combined value of US$ 1.3 billion since the year 2000.

    Investment in the agricultural and manufacturing sectors remained strong, while investment in upcoming sectors such as energy, information and communication technology (ICT), mining and tourism increased substantially.

    In an effort to further improve the economic status in the country, the Rwanda Investment and Export Promotion Agency offers world class service delievery at its One Stop Centre where a cluster of services is offered that eases the investor’s entry into Rwanda’s market; in particular, the centre provides immigration, customs’ exemption, company registration, residency and work permit services to investors in the shortest time limit.

    The Agency, as such, facilitates and supports investors, advises, coordinates, encourages partnerships and networks in its strife for a strong private sector driven economy.
    Interestingly, Rwanda has become a conference venue destination in the region with less traffic and efficient conference/events management.

    Investment Opportunities
    Rwanda being a virgin economy has investment opportunities across all sectors. The opportunities abound in all sectors such as:

    Energy
    Government is working hard to mobilize investments into the exploitation of enormous domestic sources of energy that presently lie unutilized. They include methane gas in Lake Kivu, large untapped hydropower potential through construction of dams on rivers Nyabarongo, Rusumo and Rusizi or investments in alternative energy sources like solar, biomas, and biogas or geothermal.

    ICT
    The Rwandan ICT4D policy and process as per the ICT-led Socio-economic Development Vision is to transform Rwanda into an information-rich, knowledge-based society and economy by modernizing its key sectors using information and communication technologies. Opportunities for investment are in software and hardware development, broadband fiber optic infrastructure development, call centers as well as back office operations as well as mobile phone assembly and marketing within Rwanda and the region.

    Tourism
    Rwanda is one of the most naturally beautiful countries in the world. Rich in flora and fauna and a stunning beauty manifest in its scenic rolling hills and breathtaking green savannahs. Rwanda boasts some rare species of animals like the mountain Gorillas as well as rare birds and smaller primates in Nyungwe tropical forest. Investment opportunities exist both in developing tourism infrastructure and positioning the country in the international market place as the new exotic destination on the global circuit. According to the Rwanda Development Board, Rwanda’s budding tourism sector received over a million visitors in 2008 and raised an estimated $214 million, up from $138 million the previous year.

    Growth has been bolstered by strong investment in the sector that has become the leading hard currency earner. The tourism industry will continue to flourish with the opening of nine new hotels and lodges across Rwanda. Five of the new hotels are owned by Dubai World. The state-owned investment fund has sunk $230 million into accommodation in Rwanda. Rwanda was voted among the “Top 10 countries to visit in 2009” by the Lonely Planet travel guide. Some of the prominent touristic attractions in the country include the Mountain Gorillas, Giraffes and Zebras.

    The Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda is the most famous area in Rwanda, world re knownfor being the home of approximately half of the world’s remaining mountain gorillas. Akagera National park is comprised of lakes, swamps, woodland, Savannah, and open grassland. The lakes draw out herds of elephant and buffalo, while the Savannah typically attracts giraffe and zebra.

    Financial Services
    The Rwandan financial sector comprises of insurance services and banking (commercial banks, development banks and microfinance institution).
    The banking sector has seen tremendous growth over the past 5 years and seen increased participation by multinational banks and foreign equity. The market capitalization of the banking sub sector is US$200 million supporting US$1 billion in assets. There is a Financial Sector Development Program that is aimed at deepening financial services and increasing the reach of financial services to the Rwandan population. 14% of Rwanda’s adult population is banked (518 million persons) which offers investment opportunities for investors keen on reaching untapped markets.

    Key players in the banking sector are Access Bank, Banque Commerciale du Rwanda, Banque de Kigali, Banque Populaire du Rwanda, Ecobank, and KCB. Key players in the Insurance sub sector are AAR, COGEAR, CORAR, RAMA, MMI, SONARWA, and SORAS

    Minimum capital requirements is currently US$ 8.5million for establishing banking operations and the sector is regulated by the National Bank of Rwanda.

    Property Development
    The Rwandan context is favorable for property investment, because:

    • The current housing supply is insufficient to meet the needs of the growing population;
    • The population is 10.4 million and growing at 2.8% per year;
    • The urban population is 1.9 million and growing at 4% per year;
    • Many houses are built of mud bricks and need to be modernized;
    • There is an increasing interest from the 6 million diaspora Rwandans who want to find opportunities to invest in Rwanda. There were remittances of US$ 150 million in 2008
    • The infrastructure development to support the anticipated economic growth is critical
    • The tourism – now Rwanda’s largest foreign exchange earner – is set to grow but the quantity and quality of accommodation is not enough to meet the demand. In 2008 Rwanda attracted over 985,000 visitors, up from 826,300 in 2007 (an increase of 19%). 3,000 additional rooms are needed by 2012. An upcoming convention Centre in Kigali with capacity for 3,000 people will need supporting accommodation.

    RDB/RIEPA Figures from the Rwanda Development Board and the Rwanda Investment and Export Promotion Agency show that:

    • In the period 2003 to 2008, the investment in the construction sector grew from USD 100m to USD 351m. That is an 28% increase;
    • In the period 2003 to 2008, 142 out of 404 projects were in construction;
    • Of the 68 projects operational in 2009 alone, 40 are in the real estate sector;
    • Countries represented in the construction area include India, Kenya, Belgium, United Arab Emirates, Ireland, South Korea, China, Israel and United States among others;
    • Investment amounts range from as little as USD 200,000 to over USD 20 milion per investor with a few much higher
    • Local investments taking a big share;
    • Rwanda’s property sector has seen a strong growth spurt over the last few years in both residential and commercial property.

    The current opportunities for private developers, construction professionals, project managers, architects, engineers, quantity surveyors, planners, lawyers, marketing agents, financiers, building material suppliers, buyers (owner occupiers and property investors), casual laborers are in:

    • The Master plans for Cyangugu, Kibuye and Kigali are in place;
    • The need for urban renewal in both residential and commercial areas;
    • Kigali city planning has been thorough;
    • 780 hectares of land have been designated for a new CBD;
    • Substantial land parcels in different parts of Kigali designated for housing development;
    • Building codes are now in place;
    • Planning emphasis is on environmentally friendly concepts, construction and maintenance;
    • Concepts for priority projects have been drawn up;
    • Property development should promote social cohesion

    The implementation for these projects expect to take the next 10-15 years
    Other opportunities – Reliant on imports – are roofing tiles, steel, aluminium, wood, glass, sanitary fittings (eg. tiles), electrical equipment and fittings (eg. cables), pumps, tanks, sewage systems.

    Some potential development projects are:

    LOCATION (s): GISOZI/KACYIRU/GACULIRO
    Twenty (20) Ambassadorial Villas in a 15-acre gated community, each home with a generous plinth area of 500 meters and set on 0.5 acres

    LOCATION(s): KIMIHURURA/NYARUTARAMA/REMERA
    Fifty (50) spacious homes (200m2) in an exclusive 10-acre gated community. Each home is well finished with large windows, high ceilings, high-standard fittings and world-class security technology.

    LOCATION: KAGARAMA
    5,477 mixed income homes of 60m2 (2beds), 80m2 (3 beds) and 120m2 (4 beds) set on 39 hectares and divided into 10 discrete phases of 548 units each.

    LOCATION: MUHIMA
    219 middle income downtown apartments of 60m2, all on a 5-acre parcel in Muhima. This complex may include a blend of retail, recreational and other amenities.

    LOCATION: CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT /NYARUGENGE
    Modern, Class A office building set on 2.5 acres with a total plinth area of 10,000 square meters on 10 floors, divided into 80 units of 125 square meters (8 on each floor). The bottom three floors would be used for upscale retail space.

    Opportunities in investment also lie in:

    • Mining
    • Food Processing
    • Leather Goods Production
    • Horticulture.

    Most importantly, all these sectors are open to both local and foreign investors without any restriction on account of nationality.

    Rwanda’s attractive Investment Incentives regime
    The Country’s Investment Code, Customs and Income Tax laws have been revised to provide a plethora of competitive incentives to investors. Rwanda’s incentives regime provides the following benefits to registered investors:

    • Free, unfettered repatriation of profits and capital;
    • Duty free importation of raw materials and machinery as well as construction materials for those engaged in property development;
    • Duty free importation of a personal car, domestic properties and effects for expatriate staff;
    • Duty free importation of machinery, equipment and raw materials and other goods for investors in the Free Zone;
    • Free one-year work permit and free residence visa for an investor and expatriate employees;
    • Citizenship and its attendant benefits for investors who deposit at least US$ 500,000 in any Rwandan commercial bank for a period of not less than 6 months;
    • Generous investment allowances (40-50%) on capital goods;
    • A reduction in the corporate tax rate of between 2-7% depending on a company’s employment of Rwandans as set out hereunder:
      – 2% for 100-200 jobs
      – 5% for 201-400 jobs
      – 6% for 401-900 jobs
      – 7% for more than 900 jobs
    • Facilitation by the Agency to have access to foreign markets, training, promotion and trade exhibitions;
    • Indefinite tax holiday for international headquarter companies registered in Rwanda.

    One more boost to Rwanda’s incentives regime is the Free Economic Processing Zone which provides a tax-free environment for export-oriented manufacturing and/or re-export trade driven enterprises. The criteria for accessing the Economic Processing Zone benefits are simple and require that an enterprise;

    • Exports at least 80% of its production;
    • Exports 10% if manufacturing under bond;
    • Engages in export of services.

    Sources:
    – Rwanda Investment and Export Promotion Agency (RIEPA)
    – Rwanda Development Board (RDB)
    – Ms. Clare Akamanzi, Deputy CEO, Business Operations and Services (RDB)

  • Complete Guide to Primate Watching

    Complete Guide to Primate Watching

    Africa is a very big and beautiful continent comprising of many countries from the North to the South then East to the West. The continent is very blessed and rich with mysterious destinations that leave every traveler thirsting for more opportunity to transfer to encounter and experience the wonders of the universe.  There are very many attractive destinations in Africa but we are mainly looking at the lovely primates the continent has to offer like the chimpanzees, Mountain Gorillas, Lowland Gorillas, Golden Monkeys, Baboon, Black & White Colobus Monkeys, blue monkeys, Lhoest Monkeys and these are prominent in the tropics inhabiting the thick rain forests where they have stayed and lived as mammals.

    Start planning for gorilla safaris to enjoy viewing the primates in all African national parks that are known to be the home to the mountain gorillas & Lowland Gorillas. various tour Operators are offering Gorilla Trekking adventures .

    The Endangered Gorillas

    Gorillas refer to big apes that inhabit the thick tropical rain forests in Africa as well as the lowland swamps and Mashes and are found in the central West African countries, Uganda, Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo. These move on their four limbs i.e hands and legs in search for fruits, vegetables, shoots, roots, vines, small insects due to the fact that they are vegetarians.

    These live in groups of 6-12 members with an adult male with silver hair at the back referred to as the dominant silverback and the leader of the group. He makes decisions on where to eat, when to sleep, which group to attack etc and his orders are final and have to be followed for he has to defend his family. He is followed by adult females who produce the young ones and later come in the black backs which are both female and males which tend to leave the group when they grow older and these are followed by juveniles/infant Gorillas.

    They are known to be shy animals though very active during day and when night falls, they build their nests out of leaves and plant material where they sleep and adult mothers sleep with their infants. They are also very vulnerable to human diseases like whooping cough, flu/ colds, diarrhea etc. People who are sick are advised to cancel trekking these primates or don’t get closer for this has led to massive deaths of some due to catching illnesses from humans.

    In Uganda, these can be spotted in Bwindi Forest and Mgahinga National Park where as in Rwanda these can be spotted in the prominent Volcanoes National park and in the Democratic Republic of Congo they are found in Virunga National Park and the Kauzi Biege National Park. These include Mountain Gorillas, Eastern Lowland Gorillas, West Lowland Gorillas and the Cross river Gorillas.

    The Mountain Gorillas

    These inhabit the thick tropical rainforests as well as Mountainous areas and are distributed in various areas. In Uganda they are found in the thick tropical rainforests of the magnificent Bwindi Impenetrable National park where you will find 12 Gorilla families allocated in four different sectors which include

    Buhoma with the Mubare, Habinyanja and Rushegura Gorilla groups,

    Ruhija with Nshongi, Mishaya, Busigye, Kahungye and Bweza Gorilla groups, Rushaga with Bitukura, Oruzogo and Kyagurilo Gorilla groups, Nkuringo with the challenging Gorilla group which is difficult totrack due to its constant movement in the hilly areas. There is also the Nyakagezi Gorilla group at Mgahinga Gorilla National Park. At Bwindi two Gorilla groups are being habituated though not yet opened for tracking and these include the Bushasho and Bikingyi Gorilla groups. In Rwanda, 10 Gorilla groups which include the Susa, Karisimbi, Agashya, Umubana, Ugenda, Kwitonda, Sabinyo, Hirwa, Amahoro, Bwenge can be tracked at Volcanoes National Park. In DR Congo these can be tracked at Virunga National Park which include 6 Groups i.e Kabirizi, Humba, Rugendo, Lulengo, Muyanga and Mapuwa.

    The Eastern Lowland Gorillas

    The eastern lowland gorilla also called the Grauer’s gorilla (Gorilla beringei graueri) is a subspecies of the Eastern gorilla endemic to the mountainous forests of the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. Big populations of this Gorilla inhabit Kahuzi-Biega and Maiko National Parks as well as their nearby forests like the Usala, Tayna Gorilla Reserve and along the Itombwe Massif. The Eastern Lowland Gorilla is larger than all the four subspecies with jet black coats just like those on Mountain Gorillas despite the fact that their hair is shorter on the head and body. Just like other Gorillas when the silverback grows mature, its back turns into silver. In 2004, about 5,000 Eastern Lowland Gorillas were estimated to have been in the wild.

    The Western Lowland Gorillas

    Unlike the Eastern Lowland Gorilla, the western lowland gorilla is the smallest subspecies among the Gorillas and has extraordinary strength as well as size. They display distinct sexual dimorphism with no tails and jet black skin with rough black hair that covers their whole body except for the ears, face, hands and feet. The hair along the back and rump of males is grey in color and this usually disappears as they mature. These are referred to as silverbacks hence the leaders of the group. They have relatively large hands & thumbs with nails on all digits just like those of humans. They have short muzzles, a major brow ridge, big nostrils and candid eyes and ears, wide strong teeth and large muscles in the jaw area. Western gorillas normally stand upright walking in a bent quadrupedal way with their hands twisted and knuckles touching the ground a movement style that requires long arms which applies to the western gorillas because of the fact that their arms are larger than the standing height. These are very many as compared to the Eastern Lowland Gorillas.

    Mating Period

    Mate throughout the year.

    Gestation period; 8.5 months and only one baby is produced very helpless since they weigh 3-4 Ibs learning to crawl at 2 months under their mothers care for about three years. At 8 and 9 months, they can walk around.

    Gorilla Threats

    The threats to these primates are habitat loss due to massive population who encroach on the forests for settlement hence increased poaching for bush meat which has led to their depopulation since many have fallen victims. Another threat is climate changes that also affect their habitats.

  • Plan a Gorilla Safari in Rwanda

    Plan a Gorilla Safari in Rwanda

    Truly, Rwanda is the best gorilla tracking destination worldwide though its gorilla permits are expensive compared to other countries which host the same voyage. You permitted one hour of photography with the apes an amazing moment which make other travelers to rebook space for the second trek. Being with the most expensive Gorilla permit US$1500 per person doesn’t mean having the most expensive gorilla safaris in the region.

    Rwanda offers affordable low price gorilla safaris to Volcanoes national park every day according to the guests taste and preference. The relaxed joy of adventure comes when you visit a right place and do the right tour activities at a down to earth cost just in line with your planning budget. There are many ways to make your Gorilla tracking tour cheap and affordable in Rwanda no matter how long you stay around the country but all in all going home with excellent memories to cherish.

    Travelers differ greatly in taste and preference like as others wish to spend more by dining in high class restaurants and sleep like royals others are just the opposite aright reason for Rwanda being one of the most affordable gorilla tracking tour destination in Africa. Adapting to the new environment and taking things like any other makes you spend less than behaving like a royalty. Look around for group gorilla tours scheduled for the dates of your interest so that you can share transport and accommodation costs with others. Talk to your planner and make sure all the park activities are included in the group program some made optional for those members who don’t feel like taking part in the others. Golden monkey & gorilla tracking, a visit to Dian Fossey, forest nature walk to the twin lakes, hiking the Rwanda Volcanoes of Karisimbi and Bisoke are the main done activities by tourists to Volcanoes national park. Above all it’s always good to be an easy traveler and you enjoy a very minute of your stay at a pocket friendly cost.

    If you that person who like sole trips and doing things at your pause then why not do the one or two days Gorilla tracking safari to volcanoes national park and cut the costs for the third day. The awesome memories will be at hand like the person who did a three days gorilla safari tour to volcanoes national park. Save the dollars on transport and second night accommodation for other adventures, chimpanzee trekking at Nyungwe forest or a leisure beach tour at Lake Kivu.

    Normally tourists leave Kigali the day for the gorilla trek very early in the morning and return in the afternoon excited after meeting the sliver back mountain Gorillas in the bamboo forest. If you decide to do the one day gorilla trek, accommodation at the park won’t bother you since you will have to choose from the many affordable hotel options in Kigali city.

    Ensure your gorilla permit and transport is set for the day plus your valid passport. Physical fitness doesn’t matter a lot since unfit people have a chance to track easier Gorilla families.

    Potters are available for hire that is if you feel carrying your bag on the back will give you hard time during the trek. Indeed this trek ranks Rwanda best in all Gorilla tracking countries. Travelers save time and money in every aspect of the trek. The country being well located, some travelers chose to track Gorillas and chimps in multiple destinations a ultimate adventure which isn’t easy to take on cutting across all the three gorilla home lands, Uganda, Rwanda and Democratic republic of Congo.

  • Factors to Consider When Renting a Car in Rwanda

    Factors to Consider When Renting a Car in Rwanda

    Hiring a high-quality car in Rwanda is now easier than ever before. But not all car hire companies in Rwanda are created equal. Some are good, the ones that offer a variety of top-notch car models, 24/7 help, and a hassle-free process, all while not hurting your pocket. But, what you need to watch out for are fraudsters, the companies that just want to make quick money.

    Choosing the right car hire company can be confusing and challenging at first if you do not know what you are looking for, because there are many factors to consider. This makes the task of choosing the right one stressful. Here are the factors to consider when hiring a car in Rwanda.

    Conduct Through Research

    The process of choosing a car rental company can be tough if you do not have the right factors that you need to consider. That is why you need to start this process by conducting enough research. Ideally, there are thousands of car rental companies out there that can offer you better car rental services. However, to ensure that you find a reliable auto company, make sure you do your homework. Use up-to-date resources to get auto details that will help you to make the right choice.

    Consider the Location of the Car Rental Company

    As mentioned above, multiple car rental services have been established today, providing car rental services. However, when you are making your selection, one of the vital factors that you should remember is the rental company’s location that you intend to choose. Take your time to find a reliable car rental company that offers affordable car rental services and make sure it is situated in an easily accessible location. It is advisable to go for a car rental company located near your home in most cases.

    Go through Car Rental Terms

    Before you hire or choose a car rental company, make sure you read and understand their terms and conditions. It is one of the common mistakes that most people commit when going for car rental services. It is advisable to read all the details and see if they suit your lifestyle. If you do not understand the information, ensure that you ask for clarification. But choose a car rental company that has reasonable terms and conditions.

    Check on the Condition of the Car

    When you are hiring a car rental company, make sure that you check on the available cars’ condition. Before you drive away in a rental car, ensure that it is in good condition. Ensure that you check for any signs and damage on the vehicle you intend to choose from the exterior and interior.

    With various car rental companies out there, it can be hard for an individual to choose the right one. If you have decided that you want a rental car company, make sure that you identify the right factors that you should consider.

    Since rental car companies provide different vehicles, prices, and services, ensure that you determine the right tips to consider. To get a luxury car, consider choosing Rwanda Car Rental. It has modern cars that you can suit your lifestyle. Therefore, consider the following factors when choosing a rental car company.

    Do Your Research

    As mentioned earlier in our post, there are many car rental companies that you can find all over across various countries. Before you make an effort to hire one, it is advisable to ensure that you conduct enough research. When you spare your time to find out more about car rentals, it becomes easy to find a car rental firm that will suit your needs. Also, ensure that you consider using top-rated car rental websites to get the latest information.

    Reputation

    If you want to hire a car rental company, make sure that you consider its reputation. Most of the companies are widely known for their reliable and quality services that they offer to their customers. That is why it is paramount to read online testimonials and reviews before you make your final decision. Hiring a reputable company means that you are secured and safe while on the roads.

    Customer Care Services

    When hiring a car in Rwanda, it is vital to take your time and visit the company before hiring it. Once you arrive at the intended company, take your time to identify the quality of services that they deliver to their customers. A professional company will ensure that they meet the needs of their clients, and as a result, they will provide quality customer service. That is why you should hire a car rental company that provides quality and satisfying customer services to their customers.

    Vehicle Selection

    Since you need a car rental company, make sure that you take your time to check on the available types of vehicles that a given company offers. For example, if you are planning to travel with your family, you should look for a car rental company that provides various cars that will accommodate your family. In other words, you should hire a company that has a wide range of vehicles that will suit your needs.

    Price

    Different Car Hire Companies will offer different prices. Though everyone strives to save money, choosing a cheap option while renting a vehicle might not necessary be the best for an individual`s needs. Cheap may be expensive in the long run. That’s why it is advisable that you get quotes from different car rental companies on the type of vehicle you want to hire. This will assist you in selecting which car rental company has the right pricing for your pocket.

    Furthermore, research on modes of payment other than cash can accept online, mobile or credit card payments with official company receipts as proof of payments.

    Distance Traveled

    Companies will normally offer you different rates when you rent their cars, one where you’ll have to pay for the number of kilometers you travel and another where you can travel without worrying about the distance. In terms of daily rate, paying per kilometer is usually the cheaper option.

    When hiring, one with unlimited kilometers can travel freely without worrying about the extra cost.

    In conclusion, are you get a Rwanda Car Rental for your vacation? If yes, you should take your time to learn how to get the right type of car that will suit your vacation needs. Even if renting a vehicle for your vacation makes sense, you need to ensure that you find the right factors you should consider.

  • Great Gorilla Trekking with stay at Sabyinyo Lodge

    Great Gorilla Trekking with stay at Sabyinyo Lodge

    We have just returned from our safari in Rwanda and Uganda organized by Gorilla Expeditions. We stayed at Sabyinyo Lodge. Loved this place. We stayed here two nights at Sabyinyo silver Back Lodge as part of a group trip. It has a lot of charm and the location was perfect for us, as we were going gorilla trekking, and ended up trekking to see the Susa Gorilla Group! The rooms are large and spacious, same for bathrooms. They put lots of blankets on the bed because it gets very cold here at night.

    We tipped and tipped again to keep our wood supply stocked so we could keep an ongoing fire as much as possible, and appreciated the generosity of the staff to repeatedly deliver us wood when needed. Bring your long underwear, warm socks and even a fleece hat would be good to sleep in here, especially because it’s very humid. The staff is very kind and accommodating.

    They clean boots here after trekking and do an amazing job. The food here was by far the some of the best food we had throughout our stay in Uganda and Rwanda. In Uganda we stayed at the Bwindi Volcanoes Lodge for our first gorilla trekking expedition and after we drove to the Lake Mutanda for our relax enjoying the shores of the volcanic Lake, from here we experienced the canoeing along the Lake and the side way nature walks, at this place we had 3 nights at the spacious mid-range lodge Mutanda Lake Resort, another activity that was amazing to our tour in Africa was the Batwa cultural trail which we participated in for the full day visiting the Garama cave and other cultural points.

    The Chef is Kenyan and really does a good job, this going from a real “foodie”. The shop at the hotel sells some great locally made goods and there is also an orphanage/center for the deaf down the road a bit that anyone is welcome to stop and visit and shop at their boutique which I highly recommend, because here at the orphanage, all of the goods you buy are made by the orphans and they receive the money directly in order to support their siblings.

    You can ask at the hotel reception where to go. Everything at this lodge is run on generator so electricity is only during certain hours of the evening and early morning. Hot water 24/7 though. At checkout they could not accept my credit card because the system was down, so be sure to bring cash for purchases and drinks. Would absolutely return here. It is illegal to use or bring plastic bags into the country so keep them hidden in your bags. One of the cleanest countries I have ever visited. Contact Gorilla Expeditions for more information about gorilla tracking in Africa, they are specialists in Rwanda and Uganda safaris. They also offer hotel bookings, car hire, air ticketing and many others.

  • Gorilla Trekking in Rwandan Volcanoes

    Gorilla Trekking in Rwandan Volcanoes

    It is such a wonder to watch mountain gorillas in their natural habitat as they do their day to day activities. From one gorilla family, you get a chance to enjoying quite a number of gorillas which is such an amazing thing. In the morning, we assembled at the park offices, for a briefing on how to behave once we are in close with the gorilla group. The game rangers also decide on the combining of groups so as to provide for the 10 groups of which 8 tourists are allowed each day and also decide which group will visit which family based on the difficulty of the trek and the physical abilities of the guests.

    NB: In this, you have a say and freedom to decide which gorilla group you want to visit, depending on your physical ability, you are never dictated to.

    Following the briefing from the park office, you drive to your assigned / selected gorilla family access point, that varies depending on which group you are visiting. After which you start trekking in to the Rwandan Volcanoes. The searches can last from 45 minutes to 3 hours or even the whole day, and it is always best to carry snack (s) and drinking water as you may get hungry. In addition to this, it is always important to hire a porter – a local Rwandan worth $10 to help with your back pack and hold your hand through hard terrain and bring your cameras into the jungle. Once close to the gorilla family, you leave your back pack a little bit behind so as to observe and spend your 1 hour with the gorillas freely and attentively.

    Since there is never any gorilla family that spends more than one hour a day with the humans, it is always best to take two treks. And both of these treks are quite different and very rewarding.

    On our next day, trekking was somehow less tiring because we decided on the medium adventure rather than the hard one. On this hike, the gorillas were pretty laid back and moved very less. We moved from area to area to see the different members of the mountain gorilla group.

    Unfortunately, on the third day, gorilla trekking was quite strenuous hiking uphill through a very thick jungle. In addition the gorilla family was almost constantly on the move so we had to keep following it up.

    Our ranger guide paid very close attention to the gorilla movements and kept move us from place to place, hacking at the vegetation with his machete. It was very interesting how different the two families were.

    At this point, it was further clarified on the importance of having to trek mountain gorillas twice when on Mountain Gorilla Adventure in Africa because it is most possible you won’t be going back a second time. It is also very advisable to wear good waterproof lightweight hiking boots or Wellies which go over the ankle and waterproof pants as the jungle also habituates stinging nettles, and a rain jacket as it often rains.

    When planning a gorilla trekking adventure, you should always avoid spending long hours on the treks by simply choosing your trip during the low / early rain season, since it is at this time when the gorillas are closer so you will have shorter and less strenuous treks, a hat comes in handy to shield your face from the sun.

     

  • Visiting Gorillas Increases Tourism Receipts in Rwanda

    Visiting Gorillas Increases Tourism Receipts in Rwanda

    The Rwanda Development Board (RDB) has revealed that visiting the mountain gorillas has greatly contributed increased revenues to the country which has helped in increased development in the country. The agency reported an increased in the number of people who come for gorilla trekking in Rwanda as the major tourism activity that brought them to the tiny country within the heart of Africa. In the 1990s to early 2000s known most for the bad reasons (the 1994 Rwanda Genocide) the once disturbed country has reported a steady economic recovery since the Rwanda Patriotic Forces took over power in Rwanda. As a result the country has seen increased investments, as well as earnings which are got from mainly agriculture and tourism. Today tourism revenues have increased by 11% compared to the same period last year.

    The tourism sector is estimated to have generated a lot of money which is compared to the other periods. Rwanda has also assured the tourists willing to come for gorilla safaris that the country has got tight security which is ready to protect them.

    Mountain gorilla trekking is done in Rwanda’s Volcanoes national park and this protected area has over 350 mountain gorillas and many other species of wildlife including the birds. Rwanda’s tourism progress is also attributed to peace and security since visitor safety is guaranteed as usual. The country is safe and secure to travel to and within the country. Rwanda is blessed with the magnificent scenery, amazing climate and the rare mountain gorillas; peace and security continues to be a magnetic pool for visitors in Rwanda.

    Rwanda has hosted many visitors in the past years and they have increased even in these years, some of these are business tourists, leisure tourists and those who come to visit friends and the relatives. Rwanda has greatly marketed and promoted the mountain gorillas to the outside countries the country. This has helped in increasing the number of people who are willing to come for gorilla tracking safaris to Rwanda. The tourism sector has also registered many projects which have been geared to conserving and preserving the mountain gorillas.

    The revenues of the tourism sector have greatly increased and also the visits and their values of registered tourism investments have also increased and helped in increasing the number of jobs to the people of Rwanda. Rwanda’s tourism and conservation efforts are also reflected in the commitment to the contribution towards the local communities through revenue sharing. Rwanda has also got many accommodation facilities like hotels and lodges which have always accommodated the tourists when they come for gorilla tracking safaris to Rwanda.